Scam glossary
Clear definitions for the most common scam tactics.
28 of 28 terms
When scammers fake the caller ID to look like a trusted organization.
Example: The call shows your bank number, but the caller asks for a code.
Impersonation of a bank line to pressure you into sharing codes or moving funds.
Example: A caller says a transfer is pending and asks for an SMS code.
Voice phishing. A caller tricks you into sharing data or sending money.
Example: A 'support agent' asks for your login and one-time code.
SMS phishing. Text messages that push fake links or payments.
Example: A text says a parcel fee is due and links to a payment page.
A fake delivery notice that asks for a small fee or card verification.
Example: The courier SMS asks for PLN 3.99 to release your parcel.
Scammers ask you to install software that lets them control your device.
Example: You are told to install AnyDesk to 'fix' your account.
A caller pretends to be a bank, courier, or government agency.
Example: Someone claims to be from the tax office and demands payment.
Attackers ask for SMS/app codes to bypass account security.
Example: They say the code is to 'verify identity' on the call.
A call or missed call that pressures you to call back a premium line.
Example: A missed call from a foreign number with a 'call me back' SMS.
The caller asks you to move funds to a ‘safe’ account they control.
Example: You are told to transfer money to a secure holding account.
A fake security step where you are told to move money to protect it.
Example: A 'fraud team' asks you to move savings to a new account.
Scammers claim you are owed a refund and ask for access or codes.
Example: A caller says you will get money back after a small fee.
A scam that results in someone else controlling your account.
Example: Your email password is changed after you share a code.
Fake alerts that push you to call a number for ‘support’.
Example: A browser pop-up says your PC is infected and lists a phone number.
A takeover where attackers move your phone number to their SIM.
Example: Your phone loses signal and your SMS codes stop arriving.
Attackers enable forwarding so calls and codes go to their device.
Example: Calls redirect without your knowledge after a 'settings check'.
A call that hangs up quickly, often used to test if a number is active.
Example: You answer and no one speaks before the call ends.
One-ring calls that bait you to call back premium numbers.
Example: You see a missed call from an unknown country code.
Impersonation of collectors to pressure immediate payment.
Example: They threaten legal action unless you pay today.
You are told you won a prize and must pay a fee to receive it.
Example: A caller says you won a voucher but need to pay shipping.
Fake recruiters ask for fees, data, or install a messaging app.
Example: A 'recruiter' asks for your ID and a paid training fee.
Fake buyers or sellers ask you to click shipping or payment links.
Example: A buyer sends a fake courier link to 'confirm' delivery.
Promises of fast returns in exchange for deposits or crypto.
Example: A caller guarantees 10% weekly returns if you deposit today.
A long con that builds trust and then asks for money or codes.
Example: After weeks of chats, they request emergency funds.
Hidden recurring charges after a small payment or free trial.
Example: A PLN 1 trial turns into a monthly charge you did not expect.
A link to a fake payment page that steals card details.
Example: A short link opens a branded-looking checkout page.
Attackers reuse leaked passwords across multiple services.
Example: Your account is accessed using a password from another leak.
Pressure to act immediately so you do not verify the caller.
Example: They say you have 5 minutes before your account is locked.